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SOCLE-CLD-KRN-014// Kernel command linemediumeffective runtime

Disable merging of slabs with similar size

Requires the slab_nomerge kernel boot parameter so slab caches of similar size are kept isolated instead of merged, containing kernel heap overflows.

Checked against the resolved running state (e.g. sshd -T, sysctl, systemctl show), catches drop-ins and Includes a file read would miss. Caveat: runtime ≠ persistence; a value correct now may not survive a reboot.

A pass proves✓ running now✓ on disk✓ survives rebootthe qualified verdict →
Debian 12CIS 1.1.0Debian 13CIS 1.0.0FedoraRHEL 10 / Rocky 10 / AlmaLinux 10RHEL 8 / Rocky 8 / AlmaLinux 8CIS 4.0.0RHEL 9 / Rocky 9 / AlmaLinux 9CIS 2.0.0Ubuntu 22.04CIS 3.0.0Ubuntu 24.04CIS 1.0.0Ubuntu 26.04
One check, maps to 1 standard

Pavois asserts the effective configuration, the live, resolved state, not a file. File-based scanners (OVAL/SCAP, Lynis) miss Includes, drop-ins and runtime defaults; this check sees what is actually applied.

A mapping is a cross-reference to where each standard places this requirement, anchored and cross-validated, not a claim of equivalence. A passing check is evidence toward these references, how to read it.

Why this rule matters

To save memory, the kernel by default merges slab caches of similar object size into a shared cache. This means a seemingly harmless but vulnerable cache can end up sharing memory with a valuable one, so a heap overflow in one object type can overwrite objects from another merged cache. slab_nomerge keeps every cache isolated: a heap overflow then only affects objects in the same cache, shrinking the kernel heap attack surface and making exploitation harder.

What Pavois checks

Pavois reads the live kernel command line from /proc/cmdline and checks for the slab_nomerge token. This is the boot line the running kernel parsed, not /etc/default/grub, a GRUB edit that was never regenerated would falsely pass a file scan while caches are still merged at runtime.

describe command('cat /proc/cmdline') do
  its('stdout') { should match(/(^| )slab_nomerge( |$)/) }
end
describe command("grep -hwsF 'slab_nomerge' /etc/default/grub /etc/kernel/cmdline /boot/grub/grub.cfg /boot/grub2/grub.cfg /boot/efi/EFI/*/grub.cfg 2>/dev/null") do
  its('stdout') { should match(/\S/) }
end

How to verify it is applied

Run cat /proc/cmdline and confirm it contains a standalone slab_nomerge token. You can observe the effect in the slab listing, cat /proc/slabinfo shows distinct, unmerged cache names rather than shared kmalloc-*-style aliases.

Inspect & investigate

There is no dedicated log; the active state is reflected by the boot line in /proc/cmdline and by the cache layout in /proc/slabinfo. Slab corruption, when detected, is reported in the kernel ring buffer, dmesg | grep -i slab.

Remediation

pavois harden apply uses the kernel_cmdline resource to add slab_nomerge to the bootloader configuration and regenerate it, so the option is present on next boot. A reboot is required to take effect.

Pavois applies this with its own harden engine, the plan below, not a shell script:

paramslab_nomerge
reboot_requiredtrue
resourcekernel_cmdline
pavois harden plan local

where the target is local, a user@host SSH alias, or a container , Docs

Impact & precautions

Disabling slab merging increases kernel memory usage modestly because caches can no longer share backing memory. Precautions:

  • On very memory-constrained hosts, account for the slightly higher slab footprint.
  • No functional or application compatibility impact; it is a pure hardening trade-off (security vs. a little RAM).
  • Applies after reboot only, schedule a maintenance window.

Standards mapping

StandardReferenceTypeVersionConfidence
ANSSI BP-028R8direct2.0high

Each reference is a cross-reference anchored in the upstream benchmark and cross-validated against the SCAP Security Guide and ansible-lockdown, not a claim of equivalence. Direct = a prescriptive, line-level requirement; supporting = an abstract control family (NIST) the check provides evidence toward. How to read a mapping.

Sources & references