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SOCLE-RUN-SVC-014// systemd servicesmediumeffective runtime

Disable Dovecot Service

Ensures the Dovecot IMAP/POP3 server (dovecot.service) is disabled and not running unless the host is an intentional mail server.

Checked against the resolved running state (e.g. sshd -T, sysctl, systemctl show), catches drop-ins and Includes a file read would miss. Caveat: runtime ≠ persistence; a value correct now may not survive a reboot.

A pass proves✓ running now✓ on disk✓ survives rebootthe qualified verdict →
Debian 12CIS 1.1.0Debian 13CIS 1.0.0FedoraRHEL 10 / Rocky 10 / AlmaLinux 10RHEL 8 / Rocky 8 / AlmaLinux 8CIS 4.0.0RHEL 9 / Rocky 9 / AlmaLinux 9CIS 2.0.0Ubuntu 22.04CIS 3.0.0Ubuntu 24.04CIS 1.0.0Ubuntu 26.04
One check, maps to 1 standard

Pavois asserts the effective configuration, the live, resolved state, not a file. File-based scanners (OVAL/SCAP, Lynis) miss Includes, drop-ins and runtime defaults; this check sees what is actually applied.

A mapping is a cross-reference to where each standard places this requirement, anchored and cross-validated, not a claim of equivalence. A passing check is evidence toward these references, how to read it.

Why this rule matters

Dovecot exposes an IMAP/POP3 mail-retrieval server on the network, which is a remote avenue of attack. Unless the host is an intended mail server, it should be disabled to shrink the attack surface.

What Pavois checks

Pavois queries the resolved unit state with systemctl is-enabled / is-active for dovecot.service. The effective state catches a server enabled via a drop-in or socket activation that scanning /etc/dovecot/ config files would miss.

describe service('dovecot.service') do
  it { should_not be_enabled }
  it { should_not be_running }
end

How to verify it is applied

Run systemctl is-enabled dovecot.service (expected disabled or not-found) and systemctl is-active dovecot.service (expected inactive).

Inspect & investigate

Check systemctl show dovecot.service (fields UnitFileState, ActiveState) and journalctl -u dovecot.service; mail-access events also appear in /var/log/mail.log.

Remediation

Pavois's harden plan applies a service resource for dovecot with actions disable and stop, so the IMAP/POP3 server stays off across reboots and is stopped immediately. Apply it with pavois harden apply.

Pavois applies this with its own harden engine, the plan below, not a shell script:

actiondisable, stop
namedovecot
resourceservice
pavois harden plan local

where the target is local, a user@host SSH alias, or a container , Docs

Impact & precautions

On a host that is not a mail server, disabling dovecot.service has no functional impact. Precaution: if users retrieve mail from this machine over IMAP/POP3, do not disable it, their mail clients would lose access; document the exception instead.

Standards mapping

StandardReferenceTypeVersionConfidence
CIS2.1.8directper OS, see the benchmark tablehigh

Each reference is a cross-reference anchored in the upstream benchmark and cross-validated against the SCAP Security Guide and ansible-lockdown, not a claim of equivalence. Direct = a prescriptive, line-level requirement; supporting = an abstract control family (NIST) the check provides evidence toward. How to read a mapping.

Sources & references