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SOCLE-CLD-SSH-012// SSHmediumeffective runtime

Disable SSH Support for User Known Hosts

Forces sshd to ignore each user's ~/.ssh/known_hosts file by setting IgnoreUserKnownHosts yes.

Checked against the resolved running state (e.g. sshd -T, sysctl, systemctl show), catches drop-ins and Includes a file read would miss. Caveat: runtime ≠ persistence; a value correct now may not survive a reboot.

A pass proves✓ running now✓ on disk✓ survives rebootthe qualified verdict →
Debian 12CIS 1.1.0Debian 13CIS 1.0.0FedoraRHEL 10 / Rocky 10 / AlmaLinux 10RHEL 8 / Rocky 8 / AlmaLinux 8CIS 4.0.0RHEL 9 / Rocky 9 / AlmaLinux 9CIS 2.0.0Ubuntu 24.04CIS 1.0.0Ubuntu 26.04
One check, maps to 1 standard

Pavois asserts the effective configuration, the live, resolved state, not a file. File-based scanners (OVAL/SCAP, Lynis) miss Includes, drop-ins and runtime defaults; this check sees what is actually applied.

A mapping is a cross-reference to where each standard places this requirement, anchored and cross-validated, not a claim of equivalence. A passing check is evidence toward these references, how to read it.

Why this rule matters

When host-based authentication is allowed, a user-controlled ~/.ssh/known_hosts file can be used to bypass the system's trusted host list. By setting IgnoreUserKnownHosts yes, sshd trusts only the system-wide /etc/ssh/ssh_known_hosts, so an attacker who plants entries in a user's file cannot authenticate as another user or impersonate a trusted host. It is a defense-in-depth measure that guarantees a remote login still requires a password even if host-based trust is misconfigured elsewhere.

What Pavois checks

Pavois asserts the runtime value by parsing sshd -T, which prints the fully resolved effective configuration. Reading /etc/ssh/sshd_config alone would miss values set in Included drop-ins under /etc/ssh/sshd_config.d/ or contextual Match blocks, sshd -T reflects exactly what the running daemon enforces.

describe command('sshd -T') do
  its('stdout') { should match(/^ignoreuserknownhosts\s+yes$/i) }
end

How to verify it is applied

Run sudo sshd -T | grep -i ignoreuserknownhosts. The expected output is ignoreuserknownhosts yes.

Inspect & investigate

Authentication attempts and the relevant decisions are recorded by sshd in /var/log/secure (RHEL family), follow them live with journalctl -u sshd -f. Host-based authentication rejections appear there with messages referencing the user's known_hosts handling.

Remediation

pavois harden apply sets the sshd_setting directive ignoreuserknownhosts to yes in a managed drop-in, validates the file with sshd -t -f %{path}, then notifies a reload of the ssh service so the change takes effect without dropping existing sessions.

Pavois applies this with its own harden engine, the plan below, not a shell script:

directiveignoreuserknownhosts
notifyaction: reload, service: ssh.service
resourcesshd_setting
valueyes
verifysshd -t -f %{path}
pavois harden plan local

where the target is local, a user@host SSH alias, or a container , Docs

Impact & precautions

Leaving IgnoreUserKnownHosts at the default no lets users seed their own trusted-host entries, which can be abused to bypass host-based access controls and impersonate trusted machines. Applying the rule is low-risk: it only affects host-based authentication and does not change password or public-key logins. Precaution: if you rely on host-based authentication (HostbasedAuthentication yes) with per-user known_hosts, those flows will break, migrate those entries into the system-wide /etc/ssh/ssh_known_hosts first. The reload (not restart) keeps your current SSH session alive, so there is no lockout risk.

Standards mapping

StandardReferenceTypeVersionConfidence
NIST3.1.12supporting800-53 Rev 5 · 800-171 Rev 2 (pinned)medium

Each reference is a cross-reference anchored in the upstream benchmark and cross-validated against the SCAP Security Guide and ansible-lockdown, not a claim of equivalence. Direct = a prescriptive, line-level requirement; supporting = an abstract control family (NIST) the check provides evidence toward. How to read a mapping.

Sources & references